T3
T3, also known as triiodothyronine, is a crucial hormone that plays a key role in regulating metabolism and development throughout the body. Studies have found that T3 levels are closely tied to thyroid hormone signaling, which affects various bodily functions including metabolism and brain function. Research has demonstrated that T3 can trigger signaling pathways in the brain when transported along axons, influencing neurological processes. Additionally, T3 contributes to bone formation by mediating glycolysis in osteoblast precursors through GPER1, a receptor involved in cellular energy production. The ratio of T3 to another thyroid hormone, T4, has also been associated with inflammatory markers and overall mortality rates in stroke survivors.
T3 interacts closely with other hormones like T4 and influences processes such as bone formation and brain function. Its levels are important for understanding metabolic health and disease outcomes, particularly in conditions like strokes where inflammation plays a significant role. However, while the evidence is compelling, more research is needed to fully understand all aspects of T3's effects on human health.
Sources
- T3 levels and thyroid hormone signaling. (PMID:36387853)
- Sustained Release T3 Therapy: Animal Models and Translational Applications. (PMID:31456749)
- Physiology, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone. (PMID:29763025)
- Axonal T3 uptake and transport can trigger thyroid hormone signaling in the brain. (PMID:37204837)
- GPER1 contributes to T3-induced osteogenesis by mediating glycolysis in osteoblast precursors. (PMID:37750023)
- Association of T3/T4 ratio with inflammatory indicators and all-cause mortality in stroke survivors. (PMID:39845883)
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Sources
- T3 levels and thyroid hormone signaling. (2022) pubmed
- Sustained Release T3 Therapy: Animal Models and Translational Applications. (2019) pubmed
- Physiology, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone. (2026) pubmed
- Axonal T3 uptake and transport can trigger thyroid hormone signaling in the brain. (2023) pubmed
- GPER1 contributes to T3-induced osteogenesis by mediating glycolysis in osteoblast precursors. (2023) pubmed
- Association of T3/T4 ratio with inflammatory indicators and all-cause mortality in stroke survivors. (2024) pubmed
- Transient low T3 syndrome in patients with COVID-19: a new window for prediction of disease severity. (2023) pubmed
- Homeostasis of brain T3 in rat fetuses and their mothers: effects of thyroid status and iodine deficiency. (1992) pubmed
- Long-Term Efficacy of T3 Versus T3+T4 Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy for Concurrent Palmar and Plantar Hyperhidrosis. (2021) pubmed
- Prognostic Differences Among T3 Descriptor Subgroups in Resected Lung Cancer. (2025) pubmed